Biology, ecology and economic importance of mushrooms. Collection, identification and preservation of ‘mushrooms. History of mushroom cultivation. Spawn production and cropping. 30hrs (T), 45hrs (P), C UIL-BOT 403: Plant morphogenesis Meaning of morphogenesis. Characteristics of morphogenesis. Stages of morphogenesis. Importance of ‘morphogenesis. Morphogenesis in plants. Photomorphogenesis. Meristems and organization of the shoot and root apices. Pattern and control of cell and tissue differentiation. Development of vegetative organs. Plant tissue culture: techniques and applications. Significant of plant tissue culture. Meristem culture, organ culture and embryo culture. Methods of plant cell, tissue and organ cultures. Types of culture of plant materials (explant, callus, organ, embryo, cell and protoplast cultures). Growth media composition with emphasis on roles of plant hormones and vitamins. Ontogeny of floral organs. Abnormal morphogenesis. Application of plant tissue culture (improvement of hybridization, production of encapsulated seeds, production of disease and stress resistant plants, micropropagation and production of secondary metabolites 30hrs (T), 45hrs (P), E UIL-BOT 405: Plant Transformation Technology The organization and expression of plant genes. DNA, chromatin and chromosome structure. Regulation of gene expression. Plant tissue culture. Plant growth regulators. Plant regeneration. Techniques for plant transformation. Agrobacterium mediated gene transfer. Direct gene transfer methods. Strategies for plant improvement (CRISPR etc.), selectable markers and markers for screening. Vectors for plant transformation. Tumour-inducing plasmids (Tiplasmid). Improving quality characters in plants. Reducing the effect of viral diseases. Molecular farming. Improvement of carbohydrates and lipids. Edible vaccines. Trends on national and global status 30hrs (T), 43hrs (P), E UIL-BOT 412: Wood and its industrial utilization Processes of wood formation. Wood anatomy and quality. Structure and composition of wood. Properties of wood. Wood modifications. Wood processing and wood conversion. Principles of pulp and paper making. Making of matches and matchstick. Engineered wood. Wood-based industry and interior designer. Conversion of wood into pulp and biorefinery products. Timber technology. Bamboo technology. Wood digitalization. Wood and the environment. Wood processing residues or wastes. Timber defects. Timber protection. 30hrs (T), 45hrs (P), E UIL-BOT 418: Biomimetics Meaning and differences between biomimetics, bionics and biomimicry. Types of biomimetics. Principles of biomimetics. Levels of biomimetics. Process of biomimetics. Tools of biomimetics. Practice of biomimetics. Functional morphology of plants. Biological structures and functions: vessels, fibres, trichomes etc. design of biomaterials. DNA, proteins, fats and carbohydrates. Structures and properties of bio-composites: wood, collagen, silk etc. Design and genesis of synthetic materials. Examples of biomimetics. Applications of biomimetics. Plants as model in biomimetics and biorobotics. 30hrs (T), 45hrs (P), E UIL-BOT 422: Applied Ethnobotany Introduction to ethnobotany. Culture and the uses of plants. Ethnobotany in Nigeria. Plant diversity and traditional botanical knowledge. Plants as a source of food. Commercial products derived from plants. The use of plants as textile dyes. The use of plants to access alternate psychological states and the role of plants in faith and belief. Plants and Human Health. Medicinal and poisonous plants. Modern medicines and herbs. Medicinal plants and human security. Medicinal plants as first aid. Conservation and perpetration of cultural plant knowledge. Preparation of condiments. Production of plant-based snacks. Production of skin care products from plants 15hrs (T) 45hrs (P) E SUMMARY